Alnico Magnet
I-Alnico (AlNiCo) yeyokuqala iphuhliswe umazibuthe osisigxina yenziwe nge-aluminiyam, nickel, icobalt, intsimbi kunye nezinye iintsimbi zokulandelela ukwakheka kwe-alloy.Ngokutsho kwenkqubo yokuvelisa eyahlukileyo yahlulwe yaba sintered Alnico (Sintered AlNiCo), kunye ne-nickel ye-aluminium kunye cobalt (Cast AlNiCo) .Imilo yemveliso yomjikelezo kunye nesikwere. Iimveliso zeSintered ezilinganiselwe kubungakanani obuncinci, imveliso yazo ngaphandle kokunyamezelana ingcono kunemveliso erhabaxa inokusebenza ngcono.
Ialnico alloys zinokufakwa umazibuthe ukuze zivelise imagnethi eyomeleleyo kwaye zibe nokunyanzeliswa okuphezulu (ukumelana ne-demagnetization), ngaloo ndlela zenza iimagnethi ezomeleleyo ezisisigxina. Kwiimagnethi ezixhaphakileyo, kuphela ziimagnethi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ezifana neodymium kunye nesamarium-cobalt zomelele. Imagnethi yeAlnico ivelisa amandla emagnethi kwipali zawo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1500 gausses (0.15 teslas), okanye malunga namaxesha angama-3000 amandla omhlaba womhlaba. Ezinye iimveliso ze-alnico ziyi-isotropic kwaye zinokusebenza kakuhle ngemagnethi kulo naliphi na icala. Ezinye iintlobo, ezifana ne-alnico 5 kunye ne-alnico 8, ziyi-anisotropic, kwaye nganye inecala elikhethiweyo lemagnetization, okanye i-orientation. Iialloyi ze-Anisotropic ngokubanzi zinomthamo omkhulu wemagnethi kwindawo ekhethwayo kuneentlobo ze-isotropic. I-Alnico remanence (Br) inokudlula i-12,000 G (1.2 T), ukunyanzeliswa kwayo (Hc) ingaba yi-1000 oersteds (80 kA / m), imveliso yayo yamandla ((BH) max) ingaba yi-5.5 MG·Oe ( 44 T · A/m). Oku kuthetha ukuba i-alnico inokuvelisa i-magnetic flux eyomeleleyo kwiisekethe zemagneti ezivaliweyo, kodwa inokumelana okuncinci ngokuchasene ne-demagnetization. Amandla entsimi kwiipali zayo nayiphi na imagnethi esisigxina ixhomekeke kakhulu kwimilo kwaye idla ngokuba ngaphantsi kwamandla okubuyisela izinto.
Ialnico ialloys zinawona maqondo aphezulu eCurie kuyo nayiphi na imathiriyeli kazibuthe, malunga nama-800 °C (1,470 °F), nangona ubushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza buqhelekile ukuya kuma-538 °C (1,000 °F).[4] Ngabo kuphela oomazibuthe abanezibuthe eziluncedo naxa kushushu kushushu. [5] Le propati, kunye nokuqhwala kwayo kunye nendawo ephezulu yokunyibilika, sisiphumo sotyekelo olomeleleyo olubhekiselele kucwangco ngenxa yebhondi ye-intermetallic phakathi kwe-aluminiyam kunye nezinye izakhi. Zikwayenye yezona magnethi zizinzile ukuba ziphathwa kakuhle. Iimagnethi zeAlnico zisebenza ngombane, ngokungafaniyo neemagnethi zeceramic.
Imagnethi yeAlnico isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini nakwizicelo zabathengi apho kufuneka imagnethi eyomeleleyo esisigxina; imizekelo ziimotor zombane, iipickups zegitare zombane, iimayikhrofoni, izivamvo, isandisi-lizwi, iityhubhu zikamazibuthe, kunye nemazibuthe zenkomo. Kwizicelo ezininzi zigqithiswa ngamamagnethi anqabileyo, amasimi anamandla (Br) kunye neemveliso zamandla amakhulu (BHmax) avumela ukuba kusetyenziswe iimagnethi ezincinci kwisicelo esinikezelweyo.
